Endodontics is a branch of dentistry specializing in medical diagnostics and reconstruction of root canals. Its task is not to improve the appearance of the mouth, but more importantly, because healed teeth will not cause problems in the future. Dentists perform these procedures for various indications. Usually, root canal treatment takes place in several stages and requires a lot of time and patience. There are now a plethora of the latest drugs and devices that allow you to do this job with extreme accuracy and efficiency.
What is endodontics?
Endodontics enables dentists to perform medical procedures on tooth cavities, root canals and adjacent tissues in endodontic diseases and periodontitis. The foci of acute and chronic pulpitis cause physical inconvenience to the patient and may be the source of inflammatory processes in the maxillofacial and cervical regions, which may complicate the course of celiac diseases and cause outbreaks. Therefore, an outbreak of these infections requires appropriate and effective endodontic treatment. Treatments can save severely damaged or infected teeth, prevent complications leading to tooth loss, and prevent serious soft tissue and bone diseases. The pulp is found in the part of the tooth that protrudes above the gum and in the root canal of the tooth, surrounded by dentin, the bone tissue that supports the enamel.
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The main causes of pulp disease and destruction:
- Bacteria penetrate from a deep cavity
- Traumatic damage to the teeth, circulatory disorders, nerve damage
- Exposure to bacteria through cracks in the teeth
- Gum disease (periodontal disease)
- Inflammation of the pulp can irritate the nerve of the tooth, causing pain, sometimes mild and sometimes severe. A periapical abscess may form near the root tip.
Indications for endodontics
Given that this treatment requires root canal treatment, dentists use this treatment in the following situations:
- Acute and chronic pulpitis. When the pulp or surrounding area becomes inflamed, patients experience severe and continuous pain. According to patients, endodontic treatment can make life easier with just one procedure.
- Different types and degrees of periodontitis
- Root canal treatment was repeated to exclude the occurrence of inflammatory processes in the apical region.
- Wounds. If part of the crown or the tooth itself breaks due to impact or other type of trauma, the dentist will need to resort to endodontic treatment.
- Inflammation can start if the previous dentist prescribed the wrong treatment or placed the filling incorrectly. Endodontic treatment will completely eliminate the infection, and new fillings will make you forget about the pain.
Endodontics can also be used if the root needs to be prepared for a crown. Modern endodontics is the most important stage of comprehensive dental care. It is the basis of most reconstructed tooth structures and only a perfect root canal can guarantee the maximum possible life span of the patient. For dentists, the protection of each tooth is very important, so they have the most modern equipment, materials and techniques to save it. Moreover, endodontic treatment is often used for the preparation of restorations, especially in the case of metal ceramic frameworks.
Endodontics is divided into three stages:
- First degree anesthesia is injected and the patient is left for 5-10 minutes. The dentist then removes all dead tissue and susceptible areas from the tooth. These operations provide access to the root canal. During the operation, the cavity must be constantly disinfected to prevent harmful bacteria from entering the soft tissues.
- Phase 2. In addition, endodontic treatment involves working directly in the root canal. Clean all contents, rinse cavities, decompress and fill with gutta-percha. When widening the root canal, dentists use antiseptics to prevent reinfection.
- Phase 3. After cleaning up the infection and any debris, the dentist will make a permanent filling. The method is determined by the dentist. To check the quality of endodontic treatment in dentistry, X-rays are taken.
Why do you need to remove the pulp?
Root canal treatment saves a tooth with an infected or damaged pulp by preventing the spread of inflammation to the periodontal ligament that connects the tooth to the jaw, and then to the jaw tissues. Tooth extraction without subsequent replacement can cause the teeth on either side of the tooth to shift, creating a void. This displacement leads to adverse factors such as crowding and rotation of adjacent teeth, reducing the effectiveness of chewing and biting, making them more difficult to keep clean and more susceptible to cavities. As a result, teeth adjacent to the extracted tooth may also be lost.
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